Firearm



C. C. LOOMIS FIREARM Filed May l0, 1930 Feb. 2, 1932.A

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Patented Feb. 2, 1932 arret CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS, OF ILION, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TOREMINGTON ARMS Coll/ll-Y PANY, INC., A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE FIBEARM Application led May 10, 1930. Serial No. 451,241.

The present invention relates to iirearms, and has for its special object the provision of improvements in firearms of the type disclosed in the patents to J. D. Pedersen, No. 719,955 of February 3, 1903, and No. 789,755 of May 6, 1905, and in the patent to C. C. Loomis, No. 1,57 9,177 of March 30, 1926. A lirearm of the type disclosed in these patents embodies a breech block movable rearwardly and downwardl from a position in front of the barrel chamber to a retracted position in the receiver, by operation of an action bar connected to a reciprocable forearm. The firing mechanism of this type firearm comprises a longitudinally slidable firing pin which is carried by the breech block and is spring urged to its ring position. A cooking head integral with the rear portion of the firing pin is adapted to be moved rearwardly relative to the breech block on retraction of the forearm and action bar, and is adapted to be engaged and held in its rearward position by a trigger operated sear carried by the breech block. Movement of the breech block and cooking of the firing pin is effected on retraction of the action bar by a connection between the action bar and breech block, comprising a lug integral with the action bar adapted to ride in a cam groove formed in one side ofthe breech block, the lug being adapted also to engage a cam surface on the cocking head for vcooking the firing pin. A certain amount of manual effort is required in drawing back the forearm and action bar in ord-er to perform the several operations of breech retraction, shell extraction, and cooking of the firing pin by a single movement of the forearm. It is obviously desirable that the amount' of manual effort required be kept within low limits, and also that this effort may be exerted smoothly throughout the stroke of the action.

' The present invention aims to provide devices interposed between the action bar lug and the cooking head effective to provide a smoothly operable action wherein the eort required to manipulate the forearm is considerably reduced, as compared with that re- Vquired in prior constructions.

These and still further objects are to be atly in section, of the breech block illustrated 30 in Figure 1, the parts being shown in fired position.

Figure 3 is a viewof the breech block similar to that of Figure 2 but showing the parts in a position where cooking of the firing pin takes place. y

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section Aof the breech block taken along the line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic illustration as 70 viewed from below showing the arrangement of parts associated with the breech block, the breech block itself, however, bef ing removed for clarity of illustration.

Figure 6 is a detail view in side elevation 7:,

of the action bar lug and rearmost end of the action bar.

A firearm of the type to which the preferred embodiment of my invention is applied is shown in Figure 1. embodies a barrel 10, a magazine 11, and a receiver 12 having a shell ejection port 13 and containing the mechanism for shell feeding and ejection, firing mechanism, etc., sim- This firearm ilar in general aspects to the firearms of the above-mentioned patents. A breech block 1li is adapted to seat behind a shoulder 15 provided in the upper portion ofthe receiver to firmly hold a shell in the barrel chamber for firing. formed integral with the rear end of an action bar v17, is adapted to ride in a cam groove 18 which extends rearwardly and upwardly, in the side of the breech block. A

An action bar lug 16,'90

forearm or handle 30 securedrto the action 95 bar and slidable on the magazine tube 11 is provided to enable manipulation of the action bar. On rearward movement of the action bar, the lug 16 will be caused to contact the rear face of the cam groove 'H18fa`nd 10o cam the breech block downwardly from its position behind shoulder 15, whereupon further movement of the action bar will cause a retraction of the breech block, at the same time effecting the functions of shell eX- traction and ejection, as well as cocking of the firingme'clianism. A firing pin 19, suitably housed in the breech bl-ock and mounted invention, as will now be described.I Referring` to Figure 2 the forward. facey of the cocking-head issee'n fto--be provided with -a flat 'surface' at'21; This surface 21`is adaptedto be engaged by-a cam surface 22 provided on a cam lever 23 pivoted vto the breech block at 24- and formed with a forwardly extending nose 25. The'nos'e- 25 is adapted to beengaged by ,an inwardly projecting portion 26 (Figures jand 6)integr'al with the action bar lug 16:, causing an upward pivotal moveinentofmember 23 around 'pivot 24 on rearward movement of the 4action bar. During suchrea'rward Vi'noven'ient ofthe action bar, the' cooking 'head' 20 and firing pin 19 will be moved rearwardly from the position shown in Figure '2 to thatshown inf Figure 3, where- 'u'p'on a notch 27wformed on the cooking head 2OY will be engaged by the 'nose of a sear 28 alsofpivfot'edat 24 and spring pressed at 29 to normally urge the sear into cooking head engagi'ng position. The sear 28'v is formed with a rearwardly and laterally projecting Iportion 31 adapted to be engaged by a forwardly projecting nose on a trigger 32. During the rearward" movement of the action bar, the

' projection` 26 on lug 16 will exertr a camming action-Ion the nose 25 and cause a pivotal movement ofthe lever 23about pivot 24, whereupon,engagement of the cam surface 22 withfthe surface 21 of the cocking hea-d will effect cooking. It will beseen that the leverage-arm between the point of contact of lug projection 26 and the pivot24 is considerabl'y greater than the leverage arm between the pivot24 and the 'point'of contact between 'cam fsurf'ace'22 andv the cooking head.' The mechanical advantage thus afforded isv augmented partly by the camming action-between the lug projection 26 and the nose 25, and V`partly by thecamming action between 'the' cam 'surface 22 and the abutment 21, en-

abling operation 'fof the action smoothly and without the exertion of an undue amount of manual effrt.4- l f On returning the forearm toits forward ipositi'on, the` breech'ibloc'k will bemoved forward and upward to its position in front of the barrel chamber, the rear portion of the breech block then occupying its seat in front of shoulder 15 of the receiver frame. During this forwardmovement of the breech block the action bar lug 16 will be moved from the position of Figure 3 to the position lofF'igure '1, relative to thebreech block, and by the release ofrearward pressure against lever 23 by. the .lug 16,'the lever 23 will move `by gravity from the position of Figure 3 to the orig- :inal position of Figure 1. The firing pin 19 will however be left in its cocked position until released bythe trigger operated sear 28. After firing, the parts will be returned tothe position ofFigurev 1 ready" for another cycle of operation. If' desired, the llever 23 may be provided with spring means, suitably arranged, to assist-in returning the lever from the position of Figure 3 to the position of.

Figure 1, although this is lnot necessary to its successful operation.

An action bar recoil lock is preferably proy vided to' preventrearward movement of the breech block until after a cartridge has actually been fired. Such lmechanism, howpresent drawings to show their relation to the devices of the present invention. In Figure 5 are shown parts of the firing mechanismhoused within the breech block as would be seen from the bottom with the breech block itself removed. A transversely slidablelocking pin 33 is provided at one of its ends with a notch presenting a locking Vsho-ulder 34 adapted to engage the rear portion 35 of the projection 26 on action bar lug 16 (Figure 6) for the purpose of locking the action bar against rearward movement when the gun is in ready to fire condition. The locking pin is urged into engagement with the projection 26 by a member 36 pivoted at'37 and engaging'the end of locking pin 33 at the opposite' side of the breech block from the actionbar. An element 38, pivotedv at the rear end ofl member 36, is spring urged to the position shown in Figure 5 where it lies in the pathV of a iiange'indicated by broken lines at 39, which flange is integral with and takes part in the movement of the cocking head 20. It will be seen that when the iiringpinis in cocked position, iiange 39 will urge theelement 33 and member 36 about pivot 37 to cause locking pin 33 to move into locking engagement with the barrel lug. By this movement of member `36 a locking portionv 40 on member 36 will bemoved out of locking 'enga-gement with a lug 41 integral wtih sear 28 tc unlock the sear and permit the cooking head to be released by; the sear upon depression of the trigger. or a more detailed eX- planation of a lockingmechanism of this type reference may be had to the Loomis patent above-mentioned. t will be seen that the improved cocking devices ot the present invention are positioned in the breech block to perform their functions effectively without interfering with the operation of the various other devices also housed in the breech block, and that the various devices may operate in ei'iicient cooperation with each other.

It will be understood that various changes may be made in the construction and arrangement ot parts without departing from the spirit of the present invention as defined in the following claims:

What I claim is t l. In a irearm, in combination, an action bar having a lug integral therewith, aA reciprocable breech block formed with a groove accommodating said lug Jfor actuation of the breech block, a tiring pin housed in said breech block, means tor cocking said tiring pin ccmprising a cooking head integral therewith and a lever pivoted on said breech block engageable with said cooking head and having a portion positioned in said groove for actuation by said action bar lug.

2. In a iirearm, in combination, an action bar having a lug integral therewith, a reciprocable breech block formed with a groove having a curved portion accommodating said lug or actuation of said breech block vertically and longitudinally on movement of said action bar, a iring pin carried by said breech block, and means for cooking said firing pin comprising a lever pivoted on said breech block and having a portion engageable with said firing pin and another portion positioned in the curved portion of said groove tor actuation by said action bar lug.

3. In a firearm, in combination, an action bar having a luf)` integral therewith, a reciprocable breech block formed with a groove having a curved portion accommodating said lug Jfor actuation of said breech block vertically and longitudinally on movement of said action bar, a firing pin carried by said breech block, and means for cooking said ring pin comprising a cooking head integral with said tiring pin and a lever pivoted on said breech block having an upwardly proliecting portion engageable with said cooking head and a forwardly projecting nose positioned in the curved portion of said groove for actuation by said action bar lug.

Ll. In a firearm, in combination, a reciprocable breech block, a tiring pin housed therein, a cooking head integral with said tiring pin, a lever pivoted on said breech block having a portion engageable with said cocking head,an action bar having a lug integral therewith en gageable with said lever, and an action bar locking mechanism comprising a locking pin carried by said breech block engageable with said lug and means governed by movement of said cooking head for controlling said locking p 5. In a firearm, in combination, an oscillating and reciprocating breech block, a firing pin housed therein, a cooking mechanism comprising a cam lever pivoted on said breech block and having a portion engageable with said firing pin, the etfective length of the lever arm thus engaging the tiring pin varying during the movement of the liring pin thereby; and an action bar adapted to oscillate said breech block and having a portion engageablenwith said lever to rock said lever during the oscillatory movement of said breech block.

6. In a iirearm, in combination, a reciprocable breech block, a iring pin housed therein, a cooking mechanism comprising a cooking head integral with said firing pin, a cam lever pivoted on said breech block having a portion engageable with said cooking head, an action bar and a lug integral therewith engageable with said lever, the eliective length of the lever arm thus engaged by the action bar lug decreasing during a part of the firing pin cooking movement of said lever.

7. In a firearm, in combination, a reciprocable breech block, a firing pin housed therein, a cooking mechanism comprising a cocking head integral with said tiring pin, a cam lever pivoted on said breech block having an upwardly projecting portion engagea-ble with said cocking head, an action bar and a lug integral with said action bar engageable with said lever, the arrangement of the cam surfaces on said lever being such that the effective length of the lever arm in engagement with the cooking head is increased and the eective length of the lever arm engaged by said action bar lug is decreased during the liring pin cocking movement of said lever.

CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS. 

